The Greater Bay Area (GBA) in China is a dynamic and rapidly developing region encompassing nine cities in Guangdong Province, Hong Kong, and Macau. With a combined population of over 70 million, the GBA plays a crucial role in China's economic landscape (Yin et al., 2022). The region is strategically positioned as a hub for trade, finance, innovation, and culture, making it a significant driver of China's economic growth (Yin et al., 2022). However, the GBA also faces economic disparities among cities, environmental degradation, and infrastructure integration (Yin et al., 2022).